Performance and compensation loss analysis of eVTOL aircraft heat pump air conditioning systems

Electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft is one of the important technical routes for establishing urban air mobility and developing a low-altitude economy. However, considering the thermal comfort needs of the cabin occupants and the variable flight scenarios of the eVTOL aircraft, the air conditioning system must reduce its total mass as much as possible while meeting the performance requirements. In order to solve this problem, an eVTOL aircraft compensation loss assessment method is established, which comprehensively considers the influence of thermodynamic performance and the added value of total take-off mass and optimizes the heat exchanger of the air conditioning system. The air conditioning system is built based on the AMESim simulation platform, and the influence of heat exchanger mass change on the total power consumption of the air conditioning system is studied. The results show that when only the mass of the heat exchanger is reduced without changing the internal and external structure, the total power consumption of the air conditioning system reduces first and then increases, and the larger the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors, the more obvious the trend. When the mass of the outdoor heat exchanger is 2.00 kg, compared with the original mass of 3.18 kg, the total power consumption of the air conditioning system decreases by 16% at 40 ℃, 9% at 35 ℃, and the size is reduced by 28%. When the mass of the indoor evaporator is 1.00 kg, compared with the original mass of 2.44 kg, the total power consumption of the air conditioning system decreases by less than 5%, and the size is reduced by 60%.